What does the term "Gilded Age" refer to?

The term "Gilded Age" specifically refers to a period in American history that was marked by rapid industrialization and significant economic growth, particularly from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. This era, approximately from the 1870s to about 1900, saw a dramatic expansion of industries such as steel, textiles, and railroads, contributing to profound changes in the U.S. economy and society. The term "gilded" suggests that while the era was characterized by a facade of prosperity and wealth, there were significant underlying issues such as economic inequality, political corruption, and poor labor conditions.

In contrast, the other choices represent different historical contexts and movements that do not define the Gilded Age. The era of the American Revolution refers to the late 18th century struggle for independence from British rule. The age of Enlightenment in America pertains to intellectual and philosophical developments in the 18th century that emphasized reason and individualism. Lastly, a time of social reform and the Progressive Movement relates to the early 20th century, which focused on addressing the issues that arose during the Gilded Age, including labor rights, women’s suffrage, and government reform. Hence, the